imbalances tend to correspond with higher savings rates; (ii) household-level evidence suggest that: (a) families with unmarried … sons in rural regions with more skewed sex ratios tend to have higher savings rates, while savings rates of families with … unmarried daughters appear uncorrelated with gender imbalances; and (b) savings rates of families in cities tend to rise with …

competition. -- Poverty ; human capital ; life-cycle analysis ; lifetime income ; education ; taxation ; transfers …. The present value of human capital is determined by all future income flows, which at the same time constitute the … individual as well as the total tax base of a nation. Therefore, the income of the productive population determines the total tax …

Do competitive markets reduce poverty or not? This paper explores competition and poverty reduction in theory and in … there are many examples of it having that effect, competition's ability to reduce poverty is dependent on a multitude of … been rising, not falling. To have the greatest impact on poverty, competition authorities need to focus on problems in …

changes in competition in the United States. The sector offers workplace employee representation through trade union branches … Productivity (TFP) than incumbents. Increased competition from new entrants leads incumbents to reduce the price of union …. Those with higher TFP have higher survival probabilities. However, increased competition does not induce incumbents to raise …

generate competition among rivals proximate to a standard (e.g. ranked #3 vs. 4, near the top); rivals far from a standard (e … comparison, may account for those classical competition findings in the literature. Study 5 then reveals how scale ranking …

that competition from other faith-based organizations also plays an important role. Specifically, we find that beyond a … true with respect to both inter- and intra-denominational competition. Spending on charitable services appears to be a …

Competition for limited resources is ubiquitous in social and economic life and has sparked a large body of research on …

preferences for competition. In this study, we provide a more detailed view on competitiveness by differentiating between four … different motivations for entering competitions enjoyment of competition, desire to win, competition for personal development … competitiveness; how they predict individual and gender differences in career outcomes including income, holding a leadership position …