Brazil is a country with long-standing ambitions for a major role in the world economy, but its footprint remains relatively modest. This chapter in a forthcoming book documents the extent to which Brazil's economy remains fairly inward-looking and isolated from global markets, despite the...

The rebalancing of global demand towards large emerging countries and the resulting long-lasting cycle of high international commodity prices had a profound impact on LDC trade, its composition and its distribution. This process contributed to a wider geographical diversification of LDCs'...

LDCs' trade patterns changed in the past decade, thanks to the rebalancing of global demand towards large emerging countries and the resulting cycle of high international commodity prices. This process led to a wider geographical diversification of LDCs' exports but contributed also to a greater...

LDCs' trade in goods and services changed in the past decade, thanks to the rebalancing of global demand towards large emerging countries and the resulting high international commodity prices. This process led to a wider geographical diversification of LDCs' exports but contributed also to a...

This study examines the impact of exchange rate on trade flow in Nigeria from 1986 to 2021. The study utilises linear and nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL and NARDL) models to test the J-Curve hypothesis and the Marshall-Lerner condition in Nigeria. The study found symmetric...

Notwithstanding some progress in market and product diversification - including services - LDCs remain particularly vulnerable to external shocks. With the exception of 2006-2008, the LDCs as a group have systematically recorded a trade deficit. The 2008-2009 global crisis and the bumpy recovery...

Vietnam has been among the most successful East Asian economies, especially in weathering the external shocks of recent globalization crises - the 1997-98 Asian financial crisis and the 2008-09 great recession, financial crisis and collapse of global trade. Its success contradicts its...

This working paper introduces the concept of Trade in Value Added (TiVA) and presents an initial analysis of TiVA for selected regional ESCAP economies. The paper introduces Global Value Chains (GVCs) and issues for the measurement of trade statistics due to proliferation of GVCs. It further...

Vietnam has been among the most successful East Asian economies, especially in weathering the external shocks of recent globalization crises — the 1997-98 Asian financial crisis and the 2008-09 great recession, financial crisis and collapse of global trade. Its success contradicts its...

This paper examines the impact of reducing corruption and improving transparency to lower trade costs in the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation region. The authors find, based on a computable general equilibrium model, significant potential trade and welfare gains for Asia Pacific Economic...