This study distinguishes between personal and structural attachments and examines how these two types of attachments stimulate exchange in IJVs. Analysis of archival and survey data from 255 IJVs in China suggests that both personal and structural attachments contribute to IJV performance, but...

Unlike free-standing companies, joint ventures involve more complex governance structures and organizational systems. Because of interpartner dependence in the managerial process, it is more difficult for joint ventures to configure their strategies with environmental dynamics. Without such...