Using a representative sample of European firms, we study whether and to what extent financing constraints affect employers' decision to invest in employee training. We combine survey data on investment activities with administrative data on financial statements to develop an index of financing...

Using a representative sample of European firms, this paper studies whether and to what extent financing constraints affect employers' decisions to invest in employee training. It combines survey data on investment activities with administrative data on financial statements to develop an index...

Using a representative sample of European firms, we study whether and to what extent financing constraints affect employers' decision to invest in employee training. We combine survey data on investment activities with administrative data on financial statements to develop an index of financing...

This paper investigates capital formation with a view at various tangible and intangible assets across Europe. Using novel datasets both at macro and firm level, we estimate translog production functions to assess complementarities at different aggregation levels. At macro-level, our evidence...

Using a new survey on digitalisation activities of firms in the EU and the US, we identify digitalisation profiles based on the current use of digital technologies and future investment plans in digitalisation. Our analysis confirms the trend toward digital polarisation and a growing digital...

We use the European Investment Bank Investment Survey (EIBIS) data to analyse the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on firm-level investment in tangible and intangible assets. We find considerable heterogeneity regarding the extent of the reduction of investment in different asset groups – with...

Using a representative sample of European firms, we study whether financing constraints affect employers' investments in employee training and physical capital differently. We measure financing constraints with an index that combines survey and balance sheet data. We instrument this index with...