In early February of 2020, when US equities were hitting all-time highs and the US economy was showing strength, a virus, that many believed would be isolated to China and cruise ships, surged into the rest of the world. The resulting economic shut down put stocks into a tailspin, starting the...

The academic research is incontrovertible. On paper, value investing (at least as defined as investing in low PE and low price to book stocks) beats growth investing. Notwithstanding this finding, growth investing retains its allure with a large subset of investors, drawn by the payoff from...

Value investors generally characterize themselves as the grown ups in the investment world, unswayed by perceptions or momentum, and driven by fundamentals. While this may be true, at least in the abstract, there are at least three distinct strands of value investing. The first, passive value...

This paper examines some of the investment implications of what is called the "great transformation" by which renewable sources of energy replace the current reliance on carbon-based fuels. To set the stage, the paper begins by presenting detailed data on past, current and forecast future energy...

In any context where a discounted cash flow valuation is required, there is the issue of estimating the continuing value. The most common way to do that is to assume that by the terminal horizon the company is in a steady state and is growing at a constant rate. The issue is how to handle...