Because sell-side analysts are dependent on institutional investors for performance ratings and trading commissions, we argue that analysts are less likely to succumb to investment banking or brokerage pressure in stocks highly visible to institutional investors. Examining a comprehensivesample...

Sell-side analysts face pressure to provide favorable opinions on their employers' investment banking clients and to boost brokerage business, yet institutional investors value unbiased research. Because of their dependence on institutional investors for performance ratings and trading...