This paper pursues two goals. First, it uses an unrestricted error correction model and the bounds testing approach proposed by Pesaran, Shin, and Smith (2001) to study the short- and long-run effects of bank credit on inflation in Iran, a country with some history of interest-free banking...

The literature lacks research on how the COVID-19 crisis and the interaction between sanctions and institutions affect the poverty gap. Hence, our goal is threefold. Firstly, we calculate the poverty gap. Secondly, we examine the impacts of economic sanctions, the COVID-19 pandemic, and...