A gravity model at the industry level is implemented to estimate the potential and industrial distribution of trade between former non-trading neighboring countries. The model incorporates a differentiated proxy for transportation costs at the industry level, rather than simply using geographic...

This study offers a method to estimate how the availability of distance-sensitive inputs affects industrial performance of neighboring countries. It shows that replacing either distant foreign input suppliers or inefficient local ones with neighboring suppliers, could enhance the competitiveness...

This paper expands the entry mode literature by referring to multiple modes exerted simultaneously in different value chain activities within and across host markets, rather than to a single entry mode at the host market level. We apply competing theoretical perspectives internalization theory...