The natural disasters have a potentially large impact on economic growth but measuring their economic impact is subject to a great deal of uncertainty. The central objective of our paper is to set forth a model – the natural disasters vulnerability evaluation (NDVE) model – to evaluate the...

This paper is interested to apply the general theory of relativity develop by Albert Einstein (1916) into the analysis of international trade. We like to use this great theory of physics to explain the behavior of international trade among nations, at the same time, how a large country with a...

This paper introduces a new economic model of a wartime economy, the war economic capability model — WEC-Model. The WEC-Model assesses the economic impact of an armed conflict in three different stages: (1) initial armed conflict and diplomatic negotiations; (2) military armed conflict; and...

This research paper proposes a group of new indicators in the analysis of pension programs performance. Section one presents a new model of analysis to evaluate the pension systems. This new model, “The Pensions Systems Performance Evaluation Model (PSPE-Model)” is intended to offer...

This study proposes a new group of indicators in the analysis of pension plan systems performance. Section one presents a new model to evaluate the pension plan systems respond in the case of Japan and Malaysia. This new model, “The Pension Plan Systems Performance Evaluation Model (PPSPE-...

This paper is interested to apply the Economic Leakage Model (ELM) to Japan from 1964 to 2014 (50 years). The central objective of this paper is to set forth a model – the Economic Leakage Model (Ŀ) – to evaluate the impact of 20 different leaking that can affect directly or indirectly on...

This paper proposes the uses of the global economic crisis smash effect simulator as a theoretical framework to evaluate the final effects of any global financial crisis on the world economy. We present different scenarios and results according to different levels of devastation that the global...

We introduce a new indicator of urbanization called the "The Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index)." The GCD-Index calculation is based on the Concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten Main Structures, which are (i) Main Structure-1: Economic and...

We introduce a new indicator of urbanization called the ”The Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index).” The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten Main Structures, which are (i) Main Structure-1: Economic...