To assess the likely effects of population ageing on the outcomes of direct democracy, we analyze the effect of age on … study of the Stuttgart 21 referendum on one of the largest infrastructure projects in Germany. The evi-dence suggests that …

To assess the likely effects of population ageing on the outcomes of direct democracy, we analyze the effect of age on … study of the Stuttgart 21 referendum on one of the largest infrastructure projects in Germany. The evidence suggests that …

of institutional change more generally. -- Direct democracy ; institutional change ; referendum … creating these institutions. I build a model of direct democracy that explains why a representative might benefit from tying … that some politicians benefit from the introduction of direct democracy, since they are more likely to survive …

1995 to study the fiscal effects of direct democracy. In the first part of the paper, we establish the relationship between … from Switzerland and the US - direct democracy causes an expansion of local government budgets. …

effects of direct democracy. Town meetings (popular assemblies) replace local councils in small German municipalities below a … specific population threshold. Difference-in-differences, RD and event study estimates consistently show that direct democracy …% under direct democracy. We do not find that business tax rates change. Direct democracy allows citizens to design tax …