This article is based on Kalecki's * 1934 study entitled 'Three Systems'. It aims to show that before the General Theory Kalecki developed a mathematical model capable of expressing both the main conclusions of the neoclassical theory - Kalecki's Systems I and II - and the persistence of...

Oskar Lange’s 1938 article “The Rate of Interest and the Optimum Propensity to Consume”, is usually associated with the original IS-LM approach of the late 1930s. However, Lange’s article was not only an attempt to illuminate Keynes’s main innovations but the first part of a wide...

There is a short period, at the eve of the Second World War, where the development of macroeconomic theory pushed imperfect competition to the fore. During this period called by Shackle the ‘years of high theory’, many issues concerning income distribution and the trade cycle were raised....

Oskar Lange's 1938 article "The Rate of Interest and the Optimum Propensity to Consume", is usually associated with the original IS-LM approach of the late 1930s. However, Lange's article was not only an attempt to illuminate Keynes's main innovations but the first part of a wide project that...