This paper applies the most recently developed autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) co-integration procedure to re-investigate co-integration and the causal relationship between energy consumption and real GDP within a multivariate framework that includes capital stock and labor input for...

The purpose of this research is to examine the causal relationship between energy and economic growth in Croatia using data for the period from 1993 to 2006. We use a bivariate model of real GDP and five energy variables: energy consumption in industry and households, oil consumption, primary...