Based on a graphical and statistical analysis of 1993 survey data, this article shows that educational inequalities among black school-age children were substantial and systematically associated with socio-economic status. (...) educational inequalities may become enduring, as the ability to...

The recent development of the Early Learning Outcome Measure (ELOM), a culturally appropriate test for children aged 50 to 69 months for all eleven South Africa’s official languages, offers benchmarks against which children’s development can be tested. This paper compares the programme gains...