The empirical literature indicates that, in Phases I and II, the impact of the EU ETS on low-carbon innovation was moderate. The findings of one prominent study, which measures innovation output by patent counts, present a more clearly positive picture. - The empirical literature indicates that,...

The current EU climate end energy package includes several policies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2020. The main instrument is the EU Emission Trading System (EU ETS). The complexity of this policy package flags up synergies and interactions among different climate policy...

Written by leading international experts in the field, this book reveals the various economic effects from climate change policies introduced at national and international levels. They describe actual applications of climate change policies in the main emitting countries. After the Copenhagen...