The empirical literature indicates that, in Phases I and II, the impact of the EU ETS on low-carbon innovation was moderate. The findings of one prominent study, which measures innovation output by patent counts, present a more clearly positive picture. - The empirical literature indicates that,...

The current EU climate end energy package includes several policies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2020. The main instrument is the EU Emission Trading System (EU ETS). The complexity of this policy package flags up synergies and interactions among different climate policy...

Achieving climate neutrality by 2050 requires tailored approaches for each sector, with an in-depth assessment of the technical, political, and social feasibility of relying on an emissions trading system (ETS). - To ensure a cohesive decarbonisation strategy, interaction effects between the EU...

This report was produced as part of the THINK project. Following the European Council's target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 80 to 95% below 1990 levels by 2050, the European Commission recently released a roadmap that already indicates what could be the relative contributions of the...

The regulatory landscape related to carbon credits is dynamically evolving. Even though the global market for carbon credits remains relatively limited compared to the ones created by emission trading systems, it can still play an important and complementary role in fostering positive climate...

In the face of an increasingly dire climate crisis, the agriculture sector in Africa and beyond needs indigenous seeds to achieve food security. A law that recognises indigenous seeds and legalises the production, commercialisation, promotion and exchange of the heritage of seeds is a key tool...

Concerns about the potential negative effects on domestic firms' international competitiveness and ensuing carbon leakage are the main obstacle to the unilateral use of carbon pricing for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Since 2005, the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) has put a price on...