The paper empirically explores the international linkages between gender inequality and trade flows of a sample of 92 developed and developing countries. The focus is on comparative advantage in labour-intensive manufactured goods. The results indicate that gender wage inequality is positively...

This paper focuses on the question of whether labor standards can affect comparative advantage in unskilled-labor-intensive goods, and thereby influence trade flows. Using a Heckscher-Ohlin framework, the effects of low labor standards depend on the type of standard: Forced and child labor lead...

This paper explores the international economic effects of forced labour, namely the linkages of forced labour with comparative advantage (trade) and foreign direct investment flows. It discusses several forms and the prevalence of forced labour and presents the results of empirical tests of...