This article proposes a reading of the armed conflict from an evolutionary design that takes into account the concept … of private protection agencies in the works of Schelling/ Nozic/Gambetta. Their aim is to assess the dynamics of conflict …

In a political conflict like Kashmir, human loss is the first tragedy coupled with the economic damage to the oppressed … state government admitted that the conflict has condensed per capita Gross Domestic Product growth, Foreign Domestic … local businesses, and in some cases even closures. The cost of the Kashmir conflict is difficult to ascertain due to limited …

This paper considers a partial equilibrium model of conflict where two asymmetric, rational and risk-neutral opponents … instrument to affect the outcome of the conflict. The second instrument is assumed to capture positive investments in 'conflict … extremely large there is no room for cooperation and a conflict trap emerges; (b) whenever the degree of asymmetry falls within …

This paper considers a partial equilibrium model of conflict where two asymmetric, rational and risk-neutral opponents … option of choosing a second instrument to affect the outcome of the conflict. The second instrument is assumed to capture a … complex bundle of Conflict Management Procedures (CMPs). Through comparative statics, different scenarios are studied. A …