The North Korean economy has been a statistical black hole for decades but is undergoing substantial transformations. Rapid post-war industrialisation was not sustained beyond the mid-1960s and South Korea’s economy far outpaced North Korea’s during the next three decades, during which trend...

How do political crises affect the interaction between economic and political outcomes? In this paper, we study one of the consequences of political turmoil by empirically examining whether the Arab Spring influenced the relationship between corruption and income inequality. Using panel data...

Lebanon is facing one of the most acute socioeconomic and political crises in history. While it was the financial center during the 1950s, 60s, and early 70s with its sophisticated banking sector, the civil war between 1975 and 1990 demolished this position. Beginning from 1990 until 2019, the...

Seit Beginn der neunziger Jahre sind in hohem Umfang ausländische Direktinvestitionen in die neuen EU-Mitgliedstaaten geflossen. Von Unternehmen werden neben niedrigen Arbeitskosten und geringer Steuerbelastung die geringe Regulierungsdichte und eine effiziente Verwaltung als wesentliche...

Seit Beginn der neunziger Jahre sind in hohem Umfang ausländische Direktinvestitionen in die neuen EU-Mitgliedstaaten geflossen. Von Unternehmen werden neben niedrigen Arbeitskosten und geringer Steuerbelastung die geringe Regulierungsdichte und eine effiziente Verwaltung als wesentliche...

The purpose of this paper is to test the direct effect of the structure of the civil service on public perceptions of corruption. Numerous studies suggest a relationship between the design of civil service systems and corruption, but few studies actually test this theoretical link. We...

This paper argues that corruption in Russia is systemic in nature. Low wage levels of public officials provide strong incentives to engage in corruption. As corruption is illegal, corrupt officials can be exposed any time, which enforces loyalty towards the powers that be; thus corruption is a...

When Covid-19 was declared as a pandemic, countries administered lockdowns and stimulus packages were announced to address the deteriorating situation. For implementing these packages, routine control measures were simplified and often relaxed. The G20 countries were quick to react by...

Conflict of interest of welfare dependent voter creates wrong incentives. These incentives inherent to universal suffrage, yield consequences, as predicted by John Adams back in the 18-th century. Historically the rise of the modern welfare state might be traced to the emergence of mainstream...

The G20 has emerged as a premier deliberative forum, involving leaders of some of the largest, systematically important countries of the world. Over the years, the G20 agenda has evolved to include pertinent issues for both developed countries and the emerging market economies. After the G20...