We examine the coexistence of banks and financial markets, studying a credit market where the qualities of investment projects are not observable and the investment decisions of entrepreneurs are not contractible. Standard banks can alleviate moral-hazard problems by securing a portion of a...

This paper examines a much overlooked link between credit markets and formalization: since access to bank credit typically requires compliance with tax and employment legislation, firms are more likely to incur such formalization costs once bank credit is more widely available at lower cost; if...

The paper analyses the potential impact of stock market developments on lending behaviour from different perspectives. First we scrutinize the impact of stock market movements on the banks' and on the borrowers' balance sheets. Subsequently we estimate aggregate credit supply and demand...

Die vorliegende Studie analysiert vor dem Hintergrund der durch die Finanzkrise bedingten Abschreibungen im Bankensektor die aktuelle Gefahr einer Kreditklemme in Deutschland und ihre möglichen Konsequenzen für die konjunkturelle Entwicklung. In einem Makromodell mit Bankensektor wird dabei...

During the recent crisis bank lending to the non-financial corporate sector declined substantially in Hungary and this slump proceeds in the aftermath of the recession as well. However it is not evident whether it is a result of the slow recovery of the real economy (the lack of credit demand),...

This paper explores the determinants of regional differences in interest rates based on a simple theoretical model of loan pricing. The model demonstrates how risks, costs, market concentration and scale economies jointly determine the bank's interest rates. Using recent data of the Indonesian...