This paper develops a soil conservation model that is relevant to smallholder farmers who apply little or no fertilizer. Empirical results drawn from northern Tanzania imply that, ignoring fertility mining problem in model specification leads to overestimation of profits for farms that apply...

A Markov chain dynamic programming model is presented for determining optimal range improvement strategies as well as accompanying livestock production practices. The model specification focuses on the improved representation of rangeland dynamics and livestock response under alternative range...