In this paper we use a variety of data sources, both micro and macro, time series, cross section, and panel data to provide an empirical evaluation of the current level of economic wellbeing of the Spanish elderly, and of its determinants. We focus, in particular on the role played by the...

The population of India is aging rapidly. Between 2001 and 2031, the percentage of people 60 years and older will almost double, and by mid-century will increase to an estimated 20%. In general, this has been brought about by the continuing declines in “communicable, maternal, neonatal and...

The chapter examines how the various dimensions of economic inequality between men and women are analyzed today. Beyond the gender wage gap—a central issue—and of course the still far from equal sharing of housework, the chapter also reviews research on gender inequality in access to...

Die Bundestagswahl 2017 wirft ihre Schatten voraus. Das kommt auch in den unterschiedlichen Argumenten zur gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung zum Ausdruck, die die Vertreter der verschiedenen Parteien und Interessengruppen derzeit in den Medien vortragen. Jochen Pimpertz hat drei aktuelle Fragen...

Most research relating to the adequacy of the Australian retirement system has concentrated on Pillars 1 and 2. This paper indicates that there is a high probability that Pillars 3 and 4 will be needed to ensure an adequate standard of living in retirement, and in most scenarios, the...

The authors define and estimate measures of economic preparation for retirement based on a complete inventory of economic resources while taking into account the risk of living to advanced old age and the risk of high out-of-pocket spending for health care services. They ask whether, in a sample...

Many economists and policy-makers argue that households do not save enough to maintain an adequate standard of living during retirement. However, there is no consensus on the answer to the underlying question about what this standard should be, despite the fact that it is crucial for the design...

How much retirement income is needed in order to maintain one's living standard at old age? As it is difficult to find a firm basis for an empirical treatment of this question, we employ a novel approach to assessing an adequate replacement rate vis- a-vis income in the pre-retirement period. We...

China launched a pension program for rural residents in 2009, now covering more than 300 million Chinese. This program offers a unique setting for studying the ageing population, given the rapidity of China's population ageing, traditions of filial piety and co-residence, decreasing number of...

This paper studies the income of Swedish households belonging to the baby boom generation, i.e., those born in the 1940-50. An international comparison as well as an historical presentation of income patterns is given. However, the main purpose is to generate the future income of the baby boom...