Many studies examine the importance of teachers in students' learning, but few exist on the contribution of principals …-test score school inputs and outcomes regardless of the new principal's value added, but that brand new principals have a …

emotionally sensitive children in the school-cohort. We exploit that some children move between schools and thus generate … variation in peer composition in the receiving school-cohort. We identify three groups of potentially disruptive and emotionally …

learning in Indonesian primary schools. As the responsibility to deliver primary education has been decentralized to district … learning trajectories across districts. We document substantial heterogeneity in learning gains across districts. Furthermore …, we show that schools with more active teacher working groups and higher-qualified teachers achieve better learning gains …

, particularly in Indonesia. Although many external factors can affect students' success in learning, such as quality teaching and …This chapter discusses the psychological challenges faced by students in the process of learning in the classroom … barriers for students to achieve their academic potential. Psychological challenges commonly faced by students in Indonesia …

increased student learning; after 1 year, Grade 2 students' mathematics and reading scores increased by 0.106 and 0.075 standard … teachers' pedagogical skills and student learning. Previous studies find that small‐scale coaching programs can improve … schools in years 2 and 3. Following our framework, we estimate that the impacts on students of having a "fully" coached …

learning. This paper investigates the impact produced by this shift on students' performance. We use administrative data of … four cohorts of students enrolled in an Italian University and adopt a difference-in-differences strategy exploiting the … face-to-face in the first semester. We compare students' performance in the second semester of 2020 with their performance …

Students face four decision margins: (a) How many years to spend in school, (b) What to study, (c) How much effort to … achievement trends. Even though, greater rigor and higher standards improve learning, parents and students prefer easy teachers … effects on learning or dropout rates but they do appear to have positive effects on the reputation of high school graduates …

school on both students' learning and mothers' labor supply. we rely on unique application-to-primary-school data: first, we …This paper considers the case of Italy to analyze the short- and medium-term effect of a longer school day in primary … received by the school and from class size limits set by the law. We show that attending the FT scheme increases Math test …

The effect of school closures and distance learning during the COVID19 pandemic on student achievement is still the … subject of discussion. After the end of the pandemic-related restrictions, learning losses of students are being assessed and … school students or to evaluate the govern-ment programs. This is a fundamental problem. The pandemic has only highlighted …

skills of primary school pupils in Italy. We compare the learning achievements of two cohorts of pupils, the pre-Covid and …Italy was the first Western country hit by Covid-19 in February 2020, responding with a tight lockdown and full school … closure until the end of the school year. This paper estimates the effect of the pandemic and school closure on the math …