Intangible assets like IP constitute a large share of the value of firms, and the US economy generally. Accurate information on the intellectual property (IP) holdings and transactions of publicly-traded firms facilitates price discovery in the market and reduces transaction costs. While public...

In a recent paper (Nelson & Sampat, 2001) we proposed that it is fruitful to conceptualize institutions as “social technologies” that are standard among economic actors in particular contexts. This paper extends the social technology concept to study institutionalization and institutional...

The Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 facilitated the retention by universities of patent rights resulting from government funded academic research, thus encouraging university entry into patenting and licensing. Though the Act is widely recognized to be a major change in federal policy towards academic...