Measuring demand uncertainty is a key activity in supply chain planning. Of various methods ofestimating the standard deviation of demand, one that has been employed successfully in therecent literature uses dispersion among expertsacirc; forecasts. However, there has been limitedempirical...

We model and analyze product reusability (executed through either refurbishing or remanufacturing), in the presence of supply disruptions. By assuming that consumers could exchange their used units for new ones and firms can attract consumers to do so through an exchange fee, we develop a...