Nowadays, most consumable goods are produced and transported in batches. Within the globalized environment, the flow of these batches is raising dramatically to satisfy the recurrent demands of the increasing population. Planning the flow of these batches from suppliers to customers, through...

In recent years, green logistics has received increasing interest due to the rise in greenhouse gases emission from transport operations. It is a promising approach to managing supply chain decisions to reduce environmental damages. Many models have been developed in the literature to study the...