Purpose In this paper, the main focus is on supply and demand auction systems with resource pooling in modern supply chain from a theoretical modeling perspective. The supply and demand auction systems in modern supply chains among manufacturers and suppliers serve as information sharing...

Uncertainty is essential in collaborative investment in R&D, especially for new production development (NPD). So, commitments (either formal contracts or informal communications) among members in an R&D alliance are often presented to deal with uncertainty. But after uncertainty is realized,...