Problem Definition: For many supply chains, deep-tier suppliers, due to their small sizes and lack of access to capital, are most vulnerable to disruptions. We study the use of advance payment (AP) as a financing instrument in a multitier supply chain to mitigate the supply disruption risk in...

The intermittency of new energy power generation (NEPG) exposes the power supply chain (PSC) to a higher supply disruption risk (SDR), so it is crucial to determine how to manage such risk and minimize losses. In the context of cap-and-trade (CAT) in the power industry, this paper constructs a...