The relationship between two alternative approaches, instrumental variables and control function procedures, for estimating the impact of endogenous treatment effects are examined. Although it is well known that the two approaches generate comparable estimates, the relationship between the...

We analyze the role of selection bias in generating the changes in the observed distribution of female hourly wages in the United States using CPS data for the years 1975 to 2020. We account for the selection bias from the employment decision by modeling the distribution of the number of working...