Children of teenage mothers fare worse than children of older mothers. In order to estimate a causal effect of teenage motherhood, we study a sample of teenage pregnant women and exploit miscarriages as a natural experiment that causes a delay in childbirth from age 19 to 21. We estimate lower...

The Nordic countries have remarkably high participation rates of mothers and a moderate decrease of fertility rates compared to other western countries. This has been attributed to the fact that the welfare state model and, especially, the family friendly policies chosen in the Nordic countries...

The Nordic countries have remarkably high participation rates of mothers and a moderate decrease of fertility rates compared to other western countries. This has been attributed to the fact that the welfare state model and, especially, the family-friendly policies chosen in the Nordic countries...