We apply the stochastic evolutionary approach of equilibrium selection to macroeconomic models in which a complementarity at the macro level is present. These models often exhibit multile Pareto-ranked Nash equilibria , and the best response-correspondence of an individual increases with a...

In this paper the existence of unemployment is partly explaines as being the result of coordination failures. This is achieved by considering a standard general equilibrium modes and splitting the set of commodities in two groups. The first group contains commodities like gold. The prices of...

In this paper we study the concepts of equilibrium and optimum in static transportation networks with elastic and non-elastic demands. The main mathematical tool of our paper is the theory of variational inequalities. We demonstrate that this theory is useful for proving the existence theorems....

In this paper, we prove an existence theorem for equilibria in production economies with increasing returns, which generalizes the classis results on this topic. In partular, we eliminate both the free-disposal assumptions and any smoothness requirements on the boundary of the production sets....

This paper introduces, within a general equilibrium setting, an alternate theory of value that provides a value-based characterization of the most important notions of allocative equilibria even in cases where the (Walrasian) uniform price-based characterizations need not be applicable. The...

In contrast to the neo-classical theory of Arrow and Debreu, a model of a private ownership economy is presented, in which production and consumption bundles are treated separately. Each of the two types of bundles is assumed to establish a convex cone. Production technologies can convert...

Prime objects of this note are (I) excess demand generated by price-taking economic agents, and (II) an alternative version of tatonnement. We relate laws of demand, axioms of revealed preferences, and other notions of generalized monotonicity to "evolutionary stable" prices. Focus is on local...

We provide necessary condition for Pareto optimum in economies where tastes or technologies may be nonconvex, nonsmooth, and affected by externalities. Firms can pursue own objectives, much like the consumers. Infinite-dimensional commodity spaces are accomodated. Public goods and material...

Motivated by economic examples the authors study equation solving undertaken in parallel by several non-communicating agents, each dealing with his own block of variables. The process is akin to Newton's method in using derivative information. It does, however, proceed without matrix inversion...

Duality is studied for an abstract equilibrium problem which generalizes several classical problems including models in optimization and variational problems. Following different schemes, various duals are proposed and primal-dual relationships are established under certain generalized convexity...