One of the most crucial yet controversial issues in executive performance evaluation is disentangling which managerial decisions reflect the firm's economic position versus opportunistic earnings management. I explore this issue and find evidence that specific managerial policies often used by...

Asset pricing theory postulates that a risk factor correlates with individuals' marginal utility of consumption. Hence, under plausible preferences, individuals should become more risk tolerant given favorable factor returns. We show that this wealth effect predicts a positive association...

We document that CEO cash compensation is twice as sensitive to negative stock returns as it is to positive stock returns. Since stock returns include both unrealized gains and unrealized losses, we expect cash compensation to be less sensitive to stock returns when returns contain unrealized...

This study examined the influence of managerial ability on corporate innovation performance. Our findings suggest that higher levels of managerial ability significantly enhance an enterprise's innovation performance, while managerial risk taking has the potential to not only inhibit the...