Ever wonder how you got that camera, television, or other product so cheap? The most likely answer is that it probably came from a “gray market” source. One of the most vexing and problematic areas of international trade for manufacturers has been “gray market” or “parallel...

India's amendment to her patent regime in 2005 to introduce pharmaceutical product patents attracted unprecedented attention, both domestically and globally. While multinational pharmaceutical companies were concerned that the Act withered away their exclusive rights, civil society activists...

Using data from Taiwan's Yahoo! auctions of Nikon cameras, this paper investigates whether there exists any difference in transaction results between commodities which are sold by authorized sellers and those which are parallel imports. We find that the parallel imports and the authorized...

In intellectual property law, “exhaustion” refers to the extinction of the entitlement to prevent the further sale of a product once the product has been put on the market. Developing such a limitation becomes necessary in order to reconcile the exclusivity granted under intellectual...

Clarifying what was a controversial point of law, in Mitsubishi v Duma the Court of Justice of the European Union hold that a parallel importer that, without the consent of the proprietor, removes from products placed in the custom warehouse the original trademark affixed by the manufacturer and...

The pharmaceutical market in Europe, in its present circumstances, is not organized according to the principles of free trade to which other products are subjected. Under this situation, the owners of trade-marks have tried to develop price and market strategies consistent with their interests...