Intra-day sources of data have proven effective for dynamic volatility and tail risk estimation. Expected shortfall is a tail risk measure, that is now recommended by the Basel Committee, involving a conditional expectation that can be semi-parametrically estimated via an asymmetric sum of...

Smoothly time-varying (TV) GARCH models via an asymmetric logistic function mechanism are proposed, which are incorporated into the conditional volatility equation for capturing smooth structural breaks in the volatility of financial time series. The proposed models allow smooth transitions of...

A simple test for threshold nonlinearity in either the mean or volatility equation, or both, of a heteroskedastic time series model is proposed. The procedure extends current Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo methods and threshold modelling by employing a general double threshold GARCH model...