whose currencies were supplied by a feudal ruler. -- Financial markets ; integration ; monetary policy ; Middle Ages …

Using newly collected discount rate data for six Swiss cities, we find no evidence of increasing integration during a … argue that as a result, public regulation of payments infrastructure was necessary for money market integration. …

Using newly collected discount rate data for six Swiss cities, we find no evidence of increasing integration during a … argue that as a result, public regulation of payments infrastructure was necessary for money market integration. …

In this paper we present a new method for estimating market integration under a commodity money system such as that … indicator of market imperfections and as a measure of integration. We apply this approach to trade between late medieval … Flanders-Prussia. Moreover, the results indicate that the degree of market integration increased between the early fourteenth …

This paper employs a new method and dataset to estimate the effect of currency unions on the integration of financial …

The paper analyzes the integration of euro area sovereign bond markets during the European sovereign debt crisis. It …

The paper analyzes the integration of euro area sovereign bond markets during the European sovereign debt crisis. It …

We measure the degree of financial integration among the top five financial centers of mid-19th-century Europe by … document a high level of financial integration before the gold standard period, with estimated transaction costs far lower than … bullion trade. High integration may be explained not by low transaction costs in bilateral bullion arbitrage, but by the …

not hold in the 1825-1885 period in Spain. Moreover, we show empirical evidence that market integration in Spain from 1875 …. Therefore, full integration did not happen in the period 1875-1885 and had to wait until mid-1880s, when the Spanish money …

this of European integration. We provide an econometric analysis of Germany's economic integration across various internal … limited by previous disintegration of these regions. Second, while there is broad support for increasing integration across …