Logistics providers typically own large fleets of transportation vehicles such as rail cars or trucks. These fleets do not only determine to a large extent the service level the company can offer, but also make up a large part of total costs. Proper management of the fleet is therefore a crucial...

The last mile delivery is particularly challenging for stochastic deliveries with narrow time windows. This topic is timely due to the rise of e-commerce and courier type services and the impacts of fleet size and vehicle type on delivery costs. A novel contribution of this research is to...