We provide an overview of using genetic programming (GP) to model stock returns. Our models employ GP terminals (model decision variables) that are financial factors identified by experts. We describe the multi-stage training, testing and validation process that we have integrated with GP...

Using control variables such as the level of medicare programme effort and the level of inoculation programme effort, three simple mathematical models of epidemics are transformed into optimal control problems. These are multi-state problems with the state variables as numbers of infectives and...