Effective liner shipping is important for the global seaborne trade. The volume of cargoes transported by liner shipping has been increasing over the past decades. Liner shipping companies face three levels of decision problems, including strategic, tactical, and operational problems. The...

Microgrids (MGs) use renewable sources to meet the growing demand for energy with increasing consumer needs and technological advancement. They operate independently as small-scale energy networks using distributed energy resources. However, the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources...