This paper, following Kaldor's approach, is written with the intention of interpreting fluctuations of economic systems (i.e trade cycles). In particular, a new discretized Kaldor model is proposed, which is also useful to explain what appears to be random and unpredictable, such as economic...

In terms of regulatory and economic capital, credit risk is the most significant risk faced by banks. We implement a credit risk model - based on publicly available information . with the aim of developing a tool to monitor credit risk in a sample of large and complex banking groups (LCBGs) in...