The theoretical investigation of the effectiveness of limited flexibility has mainly focused on the performance metric that is based on the maximum sales in units. However, this could lead to substantial profit losses when the maximum sales metric is used to guide flexibility designs whereas the...

The emergence and growing popularity of Bitcoins have attracted the attention of the financial world. However, few empirical studies have considered the inclusion of the newly emerged commodity asset in the global commodity market. It is of great importance for investors and policymakers to take...