Innovation implies newness. To define and measure innovation better, we investigated three dimensions of newness: what is new, how new, and new to whom? Drawing on prior research by Schumpeter and Kirzner, we developed a scale that addresses six areas of innovative activity: new products, new...

A firm's organizational performance (OP) is often scrutinized when studying various organizational phenomena. When examining OP, researchers must provide a conceptualization to define it and must identify measures needed to operationalize OP. However, the identification of accurate performance...

The goal of this study is to discover why entrepreneursperceive risk contexts differently than their non-entrepreneurial peers do.First, the definition of "risk" in entrepreneurial contexts must beclarified. After a discussion of risk as variance, risk as downside loss, andrisk as...