Poverty rates calculated on the basis of different definitions of consumption may reveal substantial biases, but under … poverty rates are only rarely based on identical underlying definitions of welfare. The authors examine the sensitivity of … poverty rates calculated from alternative definitions of consumption. They consider what theory can say about the direction of …

poverty, multidimensional poverty index (MPI) and child deprivation index (CDI). The results indicate that BISP cash … households are until facing high rates of poverty as the majority of them have not been transited out of poverty. No sustained …

contribution in overall poverty for the periods 2011 and 2014 using MICS data and the Alkire-Foster method for four districts …, namely Lahore, Kasur, Sheikhupura and Nankana of Lahore Division Punjab-Pakistan. The value of MPIshows a decline in the … overall poverty level in Lahore Division in 2014 compared to 2011. The living standards of the people residing in rural areas …