Radio spectrum is a key input for mobile operators and the structure of the industry is strongly related to and influenced by the ownership of spectrum licenses. Spectrum is usually allocated for a limited duration and may or may not be tradable which further complicates the interaction between...

Radio spectrum is fundamental to the operation of wireless communications services. In order to allocate radio spectrum for different services, spectrum is regulated via national laws, coordinated by an international body, the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). For the most part,...

The current mobile ecosystem is best understood in terms of a monopolistic competition model, characterised by heterogeneous producers providing a range of differentiated products for consumers with heterogeneous preferences. Product differentiation offers producers some market power, ultimately...