Knowledge-intensive outsourcing alliances present a tension between sharing enough private knowledge to successfully accomplish alliance goals and simultaneously safeguarding it against misappropriation. This paper explores the perspective that modularity complements outsourcee ignorance. Put...

Although control is presumed to be necessary to curb opportunism, its implementation in alliances can be costly and challenging. Paradoxically, some contemporary firms have counterintuitively developed successful alliances without extensive formal control. A widespread but untested assertion...