We investigate a model of liquidity sources that incorporates a general equilibrium feature of liquidity: when banks hold more liquidity, other sectors of the economy hold less of it and will consequently supply less in times of crisis. The private allocation of liquidity is inefficient and...

I find that the Eurosystem can stimulate the economy beyond the policy rate by increasing the size of its balance sheet or the monetary base, that is so-called quantitative easing. The transmission mechanism turns out to be different compared to traditional interest rate innovations: (i) whilst...