The financial crisis modified drastically and rapidly the European financial system's political economy, with the emergence of two competing narratives. First, government agencies are frequently described as being at the mercy of the financial sector, routinely hijacking political, regulatory...

In its early years, the Federal Reserve System struggled with making regional considerations subordinate to supraregional considerations. The importance of regional shocks, the strong exposure of banks to their regional economies, and the governance and shareholding structure of the Fed made the...

The financial crisis has radically changed the political economy of the European financial system. The evolution of relations between European states and their respective financial systems has given rise to two competing narratives. On the one hand, government agencies are often described as...