FDI inflows across individual member countries. Euro zone membership is statistically significant but a negative … determinant in the cases of Greece, Portugal, France, Belgium and Spain. Furthermore, for both Germany and Ireland the Euro area …

In this paper, we analyze the volume of euro banknotes issued by Germany within the euro area with several seasonal … methods. We draw a distinction between movements within Germany, circulation outside Germany but within the euro area and … demand from non-euroarea countries. Our approach suggests that only about 20% of euro notes issued by Germany are used for …

of the EU, as in the case of the UK and Denmark. The newly admitted Member States are obliged to introduce the euro as … exclusive competence for the monetary policy of the Member States whose currency is the euro on the EU, Article 3(1)(c) TFEU and … by bestowing the euro with the quality of legal tender, the only legal tender in the EU, Article 128(1) sentence 3 TFEU. …