Background: This study presents an integrated multi-product, multi-period queuing location-allocation model for a sustainable, three-level food supply chain involving farmlands, facilities, and markets. The model employs M/M/C/K queuing systems to optimize the transportation of goods, enhancing...

Strategies for absolute reductions of resource use are required to address the multiple environmental crisis. We herein investigate, what the material footprint indicator (MF), used to monitor progress towards UN Sustainable Development Goals 8 and 12, shows but also hides about material flows...