We analyse competition between perfectly substitutable networks. Monopolization can be sustained in equilibrium by … (off-net) networks is shown to restore competition. This regulation requires neither demand data nor information about call …

We develop a model of competition between interconnected networks, with separate local and long-distance markets …, allowing for various degrees of symmetry between carriers. Assuming two part pricing, we show that effective competition can be … interconnected local networks want to agree on cost based interconnection charges, but that through competition for local market …

services, and rail and air transport. Competition policy is discussed with respect to: the relation between regulation and … competition policy; the role of the EC Court; the 'essential facility' doctrine; defining relevant markets; and merger control in …

that, rather than adopting a more relaxed approach to the regulation of fixed operators in the face of competition from …

involvement, the paper will identify instances where market failure or the lack of competition necessitates fair dealing by a …