As empirical studies have found that large complex networks (e.g., WWW) are scale-free, the preferential attachment model is commonly applied to generate this network topology. This model assumes a node with higher degree is more likely to gain a new link, and ignore node attributes except the...

One of the notable trends in the software industry is that software vendors provide their software on a platform as a service. Software users consume those software services or compose new services by combining those existing software services. The software vendors, their services, software...