Have you ever wondered how your telephone company or Internet service provider can give you access to almost all people in the world, or how electricity suppliers can compete with each other if there is only one electric supply line passing through your street? This Element deals with the...

Article 20 of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) gave consumers in the European Union the right to port their personal data between digital service providers. We critically assess the economic implications of this new right in the light of the extant economic literature and with a...

This article analyses the crucial role of user data for digital markets contestability and presents policy proposals devised to address growing concerns about the dominance of data-rich incumbents in digital markets. To this end, we discuss a data-driven theory of harm that would warrant ex-ante...

Digitale Märkte weisen starke Konzentrationstendenzen und eine Entwicklung zu immer stärker verzahnten, sich verschließenden Ökosystemen auf. In dieser Studie wird (ein Mangel an) Interoperabilität (IOP) als mögliche Ursache oder Treiber solcher Konzentrationstendenzen beleuchtet und der...